Packet #11659017

Database ID:	11659017
Mesh Packet ID:	`0x2b85cd26` Used for correlation across gateways
Timestamp:	2025-09-22 12:51:41 UTC
From Node:	arall.net - nest 1 (a-n1)
To Node:	VDN1 (464c)
Success:	Processed
Protocol:	NODEINFO_APP Port: 4

Gateway:	arall.net - bird 2 (a-b2)
Channel:	LongFast
RSSI:	-45 dBm
SNR:	6.5 dBm
Hop Info:	0/2 hops Start: 2, Limit: 2

Long Name:	arall.net - nest 1
Short Name:	a-n1
Node ID:	!495412a9
MAC Address:	6ulJVBKp
Hardware:	RAK4631

Raw Packet Analysis

Complete field breakdown and MQTT privacy/exposure analysis

Packet Structure

MQTT Packet Flow:
ServiceEnvelope (MQTT layer) → MeshPacket (Mesh layer) → Decoded Payload (Application data)

Total Size:	81 bytes
Gateway:	!7cd6fe25
Channel:	LongFast
Payload Type:	NODEINFO_APP
Hop Count:	Unknown / 2

Privacy Summary

Exposure Level:
Direct Message

Privacy Features:
✓ Direct LoRa transmission (not via MQTT)
✓ Targeted to specific node
+ 2 more...

Exposure Risks:
⚠ Default channel - no encryption
⚠ Packet visible to MQTT subscribers
+ 1 more...

MQTT ServiceEnvelope Fields

MQTT ServiceEnvelope contains the MeshPacket plus routing metadata

Field	Value
`gateway_id`	`!7cd6fe25` Node ID format
`channel_id`	`LongFast` Default public channel
`packet`	`MeshPacket` (81 bytes) Contains the actual mesh network packet

MeshPacket Fields

Core mesh packet with routing and payload information

Field	Value	Type
`from`	`1230246569` Source node ID	uint32
`to`	`1127958092` Target node ID	uint32
`decoded.portnum`	`4` NODEINFO_APP	enum
`decoded.payload_length`	`81` bytes	size
`hop_limit`	`2` Remaining hops allowed	uint32
`hop_start`	`2` Initial hop limit	uint32
`hops_taken`	`0` Calculated: hop_start - hop_limit	derived
`rx_rssi`	`-45.0` dBm Signal strength at gateway	int32
`rx_snr`	`6.50` dB Signal quality at gateway	float
`rx_time`	`1758545500` Receive timestamp	fixed32
`via_mqtt`	False Direct LoRa transmission	bool
`want_ack`	False No ACK requested	bool
`priority`	Not set	enum
`delayed`	Not set	enum
`channel`	Not set	uint32
`pki_encrypted`	False Standard encryption	bool
`next_hop`	Not set	uint32
`relay_node`	`169` Relay node ID	uint32
`tx_after`	Not set	uint32
`timestamp`	`1758545501.2515278` Unix timestamp	uint32

MQTT Privacy & Exposure Analysis

Analysis of privacy features and exposure risks when packet is shared via MQTT

Exposure Level: Direct Message

Privacy Features:

✓ Direct LoRa transmission (not via MQTT)
✓ Targeted to specific node
✓ Gateway node ID tracked
✓ Zero-hop: direct from source to MQTT gateway

Exposure Risks:

⚠ Default channel - no encryption
⚠ Packet visible to MQTT subscribers
⚠ RF signal metrics exposed (location inference possible)

MQTT-Specific Fields

Gateway ID:	`!7cd6fe25`
Zero Hop Policy:	Enabled Direct gateway connection
Signal Metrics:	RSSI: -45.0 dBm SNR: 6.50 dB

Complete Payload Analysis

Detailed breakdown of all payload fields and decoded data

Payload Metadata:

Protocol:	NODEINFO_APP
Size:	81 bytes
Decoded:	Yes

Complete Payload Data (JSON):

{ "id": "!495412a9", "long_name": "arall.net - nest 1", "short_name": "a-n1", "macaddr": "6ulJVBKp", "hw_model": "RAK4631" }

Complete Protobuf Decode (JSON)

{ "service_envelope": { "gateway_id": "!7cd6fe25", "channel_id": "LongFast", "packet": "MeshPacket (see mesh_packet below)" }, "mesh_packet": { "from": 1230246569, "to": 1127958092, "id": 730189094, "rx_time": 1758545500, "rx_snr": 6.5, "rx_rssi": -45, "hop_limit": 2, "hop_start": 2, "via_mqtt": 0, "want_ack": 0, "priority": 0, "delayed": 0, "channel_index": null, "pki_encrypted": 0, "next_hop": 0, "relay_node": 169, "tx_after": 0, "decoded": { "portnum": 4, "payload": "0a0921343935343132613912126172616c6c2e6e6574202d206e65737420311a04612d6e312206eae9495412a928094220d322f7e3d8c1e90ef15e7df9888dd95250052e3bdfe084d7c856b44207296658", "want_response": null, "dest": null, "source": null, "request_id": null, "reply_id": null, "emoji": null, "parsed_payload": { "id": "!495412a9", "long_name": "arall.net - nest 1", "short_name": "a-n1", "macaddr": "6ulJVBKp", "hw_model": "RAK4631", "public_key": "0yL349jB6Q7xXn35iI3ZUlAFLjvf4ITXyFa0QgcpZlg=", "type": "protobuf", "portnum": "NODEINFO_APP", "message_class": "User" } } } }

Raw Packet Data (81 bytes)

0a0921343935343132613912126172616c6c2e6e6574202d206e65737420311a04612d6e312206eae9495412a928094220d322f7e3d8c1e90ef15e7df9888dd95250052e3bdfe084d7c856b44207296658

Hex Analysis:

Size:	81 bytes
Format:	Protobuf (Protocol Buffers)
Encoding:	Binary with varint and length-delimited fields

This is the raw protobuf-encoded payload as received from MQTT. The structure follows the Meshtastic protobuf schema definitions.

Packet #11659017 Success

Packet Information

Payload Data

Decoded Data: