Packet #27890186 Success

STORE_FORWARD_APP packet from Pozuelo (POZ1) to !ffffffff

23
Total Receptions
23
Unique Gateways
3
Hop Count
7
Payload Bytes
Packet Information
Database ID: 27890186
Mesh Packet ID: 0xd2f2a409
Used for correlation across gateways
Timestamp: 2025-12-15 20:24:06 UTC
From Node: Pozuelo (POZ1)
To Node: !ffffffff (ffff)
Success: Processed
Protocol: STORE_FORWARD_APP
Port: 65
Gateway: Zion 🗼 (Zion)
Channel: MediumFast
RSSI: -113 dBm
SNR: -9.0 dBm
Hop Info: 3/4 hops
Start: 4, Limit: 1
Relay Node: 85 FTO1
Last byte of the last hop that relayed this packet - Candidate source node(s) based on 0-hop direct receptions
Payload Data
Protocol: STORE_FORWARD_APP
Size: 7 bytes
Decoded: Yes
Decoded Data:
{
  "rr": "ROUTER_HEARTBEAT",
  "heartbeat": {
    "period": 900
  },
  "type": "protobuf",
  "portnum": "STORE_FORWARD_APP",
  "message_class": "StoreAndForward"
}
Raw Packet Analysis
Complete field breakdown and MQTT privacy/exposure analysis
Packet Structure
MQTT Packet Flow:
ServiceEnvelope (MQTT layer) → MeshPacket (Mesh layer) → Decoded Payload (Application data)
Total Size:7 bytes
Gateway:!849c2e30
Channel:MediumFast
Payload Type:STORE_FORWARD_APP
Hop Count:3 / 4
Privacy Summary
Exposure Level:
Broadcast
Privacy Features:
✓ Direct LoRa transmission (not via MQTT)
✓ Custom channel: MediumFast
+ 1 more...
Exposure Risks:
⚠ Visible to all nodes on channel
⚠ Packet visible to MQTT subscribers
+ 2 more...
MQTT ServiceEnvelope Fields

MQTT ServiceEnvelope contains the MeshPacket plus routing metadata

FieldValue
gateway_id !849c2e30
Node ID format
channel_id MediumFast
packet MeshPacket (7 bytes)
Contains the actual mesh network packet
MeshPacket Fields

Core mesh packet with routing and payload information

FieldValueType
from 1770271252
Source node ID 		uint32
to 4294967295 (Broadcast)
Visible to all nodes 		uint32
decoded.portnum 65
STORE_FORWARD_APP 		enum
decoded.payload_length 7 bytes size
hop_limit 1
Remaining hops allowed 		uint32
hop_start 4
Initial hop limit 		uint32
hops_taken 3
Calculated: hop_start - hop_limit 		derived
rx_rssi -113.0 dBm
Signal strength at gateway 		int32
rx_snr -9.00 dB
Signal quality at gateway 		float
rx_time 1765830245
Receive timestamp 		fixed32
via_mqtt False
Direct LoRa transmission 		bool
want_ack False
No ACK requested 		bool
priority Not set enum
delayed Not set enum
channel Not set uint32
pki_encrypted False
Standard encryption 		bool
next_hop Not set uint32
relay_node 133
Relay node ID 		uint32
tx_after Not set uint32
timestamp 1765830246.240155
Unix timestamp 		uint32
MQTT Privacy & Exposure Analysis

Analysis of privacy features and exposure risks when packet is shared via MQTT

Exposure Level: Broadcast
Privacy Features:
  • ✓ Direct LoRa transmission (not via MQTT)
  • ✓ Custom channel: MediumFast
  • ✓ Gateway node ID tracked
Exposure Risks:
  • ⚠ Visible to all nodes on channel
  • ⚠ Packet visible to MQTT subscribers
  • ⚠ Multi-hop path visible (3 hops)
  • ⚠ RF signal metrics exposed (location inference possible)
MQTT-Specific Fields
Gateway ID: !849c2e30
Signal Metrics: RSSI: -113.0 dBm
SNR: -9.00 dB
Complete Payload Analysis

Detailed breakdown of all payload fields and decoded data

Payload Metadata:
Protocol:STORE_FORWARD_APP
Size:7 bytes
Decoded: Yes
Complete Payload Data (JSON):
{ "rr": "ROUTER_HEARTBEAT", "heartbeat": { "period": 900 }, "type": "protobuf", "portnum": "STORE_FORWARD_APP", "message_class": "StoreAndForward" }
Complete Protobuf Decode (JSON)
{ "service_envelope": { "gateway_id": "!849c2e30", "channel_id": "MediumFast", "packet": "MeshPacket (see mesh_packet below)" }, "mesh_packet": { "from": 1770271252, "to": 4294967295, "id": 3539117065, "rx_time": 1765830245, "rx_snr": -9.0, "rx_rssi": -113, "hop_limit": 1, "hop_start": 4, "via_mqtt": 0, "want_ack": 0, "priority": 0, "delayed": 0, "channel_index": null, "pki_encrypted": 0, "next_hop": 0, "relay_node": 133, "tx_after": 0, "decoded": { "portnum": 65, "payload": "08022203088407", "want_response": null, "dest": null, "source": null, "request_id": null, "reply_id": null, "emoji": null, "parsed_payload": { "rr": "ROUTER_HEARTBEAT", "heartbeat": { "period": 900 }, "type": "protobuf", "portnum": "STORE_FORWARD_APP", "message_class": "StoreAndForward" } } } }
Raw Packet Data (7 bytes)
08022203088407
Hex Analysis:
Size:7 bytes
Format:Protobuf (Protocol Buffers)
Encoding:Binary with varint and length-delimited fields
This is the raw protobuf-encoded payload as received from MQTT. The structure follows the Meshtastic protobuf schema definitions.
All Receptions
All gateways that received this packet
Correlation: Using Mesh Packet ID
Reception Locations

Loading reception map...

Map shows gateway locations that received this packet. Hop counts are displayed if available.
Gateway Time Offset RSSI SNR Hops Relay Channel Timestamp Actions
Zion 🗼 (Zion) Primary 0.000s
Reference 		-113.0 dBm -9.00 dB 3 85 FTO1 MediumFast 2025-12-15 20:24:06 UTC Current
Venturada2 🗼🌞 (Vb2) -2.393s
Before 		-106.0 dBm -8.50 dB 0 14 POZ1 , Bssr MediumFast 2025-12-15 20:24:03 UTC View
Pozuelo (POZ1) -2.215s
Before 		Unknown Unknown 0 14 POZ1 MediumFast 2025-12-15 20:24:04 UTC View
Ocumare Norte🗼🌐 (RRN) -2.203s
Before 		-103.0 dBm -8.50 dB 1 b0 Vbm , Vb2 MediumFast 2025-12-15 20:24:04 UTC View
XiaoWatt c4c8 🌐🔌 (c4c8) -2.181s
Before 		-79.0 dBm 7.25 dB 1 b0 Vbm , Vb2 MediumFast 2025-12-15 20:24:04 UTC View
JPL73B2_Node (JPL2) -1.921s
Before 		-95.0 dBm -12.75 dB 1 b0 Vbm , Vb2 MediumFast 2025-12-15 20:24:04 UTC View
Meshtastic 1760 (1760) -1.917s
Before 		-131.0 dBm -10.75 dB 1 b0 Vb2 MediumFast 2025-12-15 20:24:04 UTC View
JPL73B4_Node (JPL4) -1.914s
Before 		Unknown Unknown 2 08 JPL2 MediumFast 2025-12-15 20:24:04 UTC View
Eagle’s Nest (EAGL) -1.422s
Before 		-123.0 dBm -13.50 dB 1 61 TO1 MediumFast 2025-12-15 20:24:04 UTC View
Justicia Meshtastic b0e4 🏢 (b0e4) -1.418s
Before 		-116.0 dBm -11.25 dB 1 25 🌇 MediumFast 2025-12-15 20:24:04 UTC View
Quass001 ☄️ (Q001) -1.380s
Before 		-39.0 dBm 11.25 dB 2 3a Q005 MediumFast 2025-12-15 20:24:04 UTC View
g1bal (g1b0) -1.205s
Before 		-116.0 dBm -10.25 dB 1 b0 Vb2 MediumFast 2025-12-15 20:24:05 UTC View
Meshtastic 18a4 (18a4) -1.201s
Before 		-58.0 dBm 14.00 dB 2 60 1760 MediumFast 2025-12-15 20:24:05 UTC View
Fenix (FENX) -1.154s
Before 		-119.0 dBm -10.25 dB 1 61 TO1 MediumFast 2025-12-15 20:24:05 UTC View
Villarejo01 (VIL1) -1.131s
Before 		-118.0 dBm -14.25 dB 1 61 TO1 MediumFast 2025-12-15 20:24:05 UTC View
Karabanchel_Baldur (KarB) -0.684s
Before 		-107.0 dBm -8.25 dB 2 88 KarB , FENX MediumFast 2025-12-15 20:24:05 UTC View
Mec Rocket Meco (MRM) -0.170s
Before 		-113.0 dBm -13.25 dB 3 c0 sdAh MediumFast 2025-12-15 20:24:06 UTC View
PXT_Home (PXT1) -0.110s
Before 		-112.0 dBm -3.75 dB 3 48 mfms MediumFast 2025-12-15 20:24:06 UTC View
Meshtastic b2b4📡🌐 (b2b4) -0.068s
Before 		-117.0 dBm -12.00 dB 3 88 KarB MediumFast 2025-12-15 20:24:06 UTC View
Quixote_JS8_5🗼🌐 (QXT5) -0.055s
Before 		-114.0 dBm -10.75 dB 3 - MediumFast 2025-12-15 20:24:06 UTC View
Quixote_JS8_7 (QXT7) -0.053s
Before 		-18.0 dBm 11.00 dB 3 - MediumFast 2025-12-15 20:24:06 UTC View
srs-h3 📡🌐 (srs0) +0.815s
After 		-123.0 dBm -12.75 dB 4 bb 03bb MediumFast 2025-12-15 20:24:07 UTC View
Meshtastic 870c📡🌐 (870c) +2.653s
After 		-94.0 dBm 8.50 dB 4 dc d0dc MediumFast 2025-12-15 20:24:08 UTC View
23

Total Receptions

23

Unique Gateways