Packet #28032810

Database ID:	28032810
Mesh Packet ID:	`0x92c1e62e` Used for correlation across gateways
Timestamp:	2025-12-16 11:29:20 UTC
From Node:	TweeteR ☀🔋 (TwT)
To Node:	Sierra norte Madrid ⛰️🗼🌞 (SNM)
Success:	Processed
Protocol:	POSITION_APP Port: 3

Gateway:	PXT_Home (PXT1)
Channel:	MediumFast
RSSI:	-113 dBm
SNR:	-8.25 dBm
Hop Info:	2/3 hops Start: 3, Limit: 1
Relay Node:	`48` mfms Last byte of the last hop that relayed this packet - Candidate source node(s) based on 0-hop direct receptions

Latitude:	40.330854°
Longitude:	-3.892838°
Altitude:	642 m
Precision:	14 bits

Raw Packet Analysis

Complete field breakdown and MQTT privacy/exposure analysis

Packet Structure

MQTT Packet Flow:
ServiceEnvelope (MQTT layer) → MeshPacket (Mesh layer) → Decoded Payload (Application data)

Total Size:	28 bytes
Gateway:	!849b5278
Channel:	MediumFast
Payload Type:	POSITION_APP
Hop Count:	2 / 3

Privacy Summary

Exposure Level:
Direct Message

Privacy Features:
✓ Direct LoRa transmission (not via MQTT)
✓ Targeted to specific node
+ 3 more...

Exposure Risks:
⚠ Packet visible to MQTT subscribers
⚠ Multi-hop path visible (2 hops)
+ 1 more...

MQTT ServiceEnvelope Fields

MQTT ServiceEnvelope contains the MeshPacket plus routing metadata

Field	Value
`gateway_id`	`!849b5278` Node ID format
`channel_id`	`MediumFast`
`packet`	`MeshPacket` (28 bytes) Contains the actual mesh network packet

MeshPacket Fields

Core mesh packet with routing and payload information

Field	Value	Type
`from`	`3677013912` Source node ID	uint32
`to`	`1129719940` Target node ID	uint32
`decoded.portnum`	`3` POSITION_APP	enum
`decoded.payload_length`	`28` bytes	size
`hop_limit`	`1` Remaining hops allowed	uint32
`hop_start`	`3` Initial hop limit	uint32
`hops_taken`	`2` Calculated: hop_start - hop_limit	derived
`rx_rssi`	`-113.0` dBm Signal strength at gateway	int32
`rx_snr`	`-8.25` dB Signal quality at gateway	float
`rx_time`	`1765884560` Receive timestamp	fixed32
`via_mqtt`	False Direct LoRa transmission	bool
`want_ack`	False No ACK requested	bool
`priority`	Not set	enum
`delayed`	Not set	enum
`channel`	Not set	uint32
`pki_encrypted`	False Standard encryption	bool
`next_hop`	Not set	uint32
`relay_node`	`72` Relay node ID	uint32
`tx_after`	Not set	uint32
`timestamp`	`1765884560.8478818` Unix timestamp	uint32

MQTT Privacy & Exposure Analysis

Analysis of privacy features and exposure risks when packet is shared via MQTT

Exposure Level: Direct Message

Privacy Features:

✓ Direct LoRa transmission (not via MQTT)
✓ Targeted to specific node
✓ Custom channel: MediumFast
✓ Gateway node ID tracked
✓ Reduced position precision: ~1500.0m accuracy

Exposure Risks:

⚠ Packet visible to MQTT subscribers
⚠ Multi-hop path visible (2 hops)
⚠ RF signal metrics exposed (location inference possible)

MQTT-Specific Fields

Gateway ID:	`!849b5278`
Position Precision:	14 bits (~1500.0m accuracy)
Position precision meters:	`1500.0`
Signal Metrics:	RSSI: -113.0 dBm SNR: -8.25 dB

Complete Payload Analysis

Detailed breakdown of all payload fields and decoded data

Payload Metadata:

Protocol:	POSITION_APP
Size:	28 bytes
Decoded:	Yes

Complete Payload Data (JSON):

{ "latitude": 40.3308544, "longitude": -3.8928384, "altitude": 642, "sats_in_view": null, "precision_bits": 14 }

Complete Protobuf Decode (JSON)

{ "service_envelope": { "gateway_id": "!849b5278", "channel_id": "MediumFast", "packet": "MeshPacket (see mesh_packet below)" }, "mesh_packet": { "from": 3677013912, "to": 1129719940, "id": 2462180910, "rx_time": 1765884560, "rx_snr": -8.25, "rx_rssi": -113, "hop_limit": 1, "hop_start": 3, "via_mqtt": 0, "want_ack": 0, "priority": 0, "delayed": 0, "channel_index": null, "pki_encrypted": 0, "next_hop": 0, "relay_node": 72, "tx_after": 0, "decoded": { "portnum": 3, "payload": "0d00000a18150000aefd188205257f42416928017800800100b8010e", "want_response": null, "dest": null, "source": null, "request_id": null, "reply_id": null, "emoji": null, "parsed_payload": { "latitude_i": 403308544, "longitude_i": -38928384, "altitude": 642, "time": 1765884543, "location_source": "LOC_MANUAL", "ground_speed": 0, "ground_track": 0, "precision_bits": 14, "type": "protobuf", "portnum": "POSITION_APP", "message_class": "Position" } } } }

Raw Packet Data (28 bytes)

0d00000a18150000aefd188205257f42416928017800800100b8010e

Hex Analysis:

Size:	28 bytes
Format:	Protobuf (Protocol Buffers)
Encoding:	Binary with varint and length-delimited fields

This is the raw protobuf-encoded payload as received from MQTT. The structure follows the Meshtastic protobuf schema definitions.

Packet #28032810 Success

Packet Information

Payload Data

Decoded Data: