Packet #28264963

Database ID:	28264963
Mesh Packet ID:	`0x8d20f28d` Used for correlation across gateways
Timestamp:	2025-12-17 12:35:31 UTC
From Node:	Darth Vader 📡 ☀️ (bfc4)
To Node:	!ffffffff (ffff)
Success:	Processed
Protocol:	TELEMETRY_APP Port: 67

Gateway:	57e0🌀 (OMNI)
Channel:	MediumFast
RSSI:	-110 dBm
SNR:	-0.75 dBm
Hop Info:	1/5 hops Start: 5, Limit: 4
Relay Node:	`98` OMNI Last byte of the last hop that relayed this packet - Candidate source node(s) based on 0-hop direct receptions

Battery:	95%
Voltage:	4.12 V
Channel Usage:	1.8%
Air Util TX:	0.8%

Raw Packet Analysis

Complete field breakdown and MQTT privacy/exposure analysis

Packet Structure

MQTT Packet Flow:
ServiceEnvelope (MQTT layer) → MeshPacket (Mesh layer) → Decoded Payload (Application data)

Total Size:	28 bytes
Gateway:	!a0cb57e0
Channel:	MediumFast
Payload Type:	TELEMETRY_APP
Hop Count:	1 / 5

Privacy Summary

Exposure Level:
Broadcast

Privacy Features:
✓ Direct LoRa transmission (not via MQTT)
✓ Custom channel: MediumFast
+ 1 more...

Exposure Risks:
⚠ Visible to all nodes on channel
⚠ Packet visible to MQTT subscribers
+ 2 more...

MQTT ServiceEnvelope Fields

MQTT ServiceEnvelope contains the MeshPacket plus routing metadata

Field	Value
`gateway_id`	`!a0cb57e0` Node ID format
`channel_id`	`MediumFast`
`packet`	`MeshPacket` (28 bytes) Contains the actual mesh network packet

MeshPacket Fields

Core mesh packet with routing and payload information

Field	Value	Type
`from`	`2044837828` Source node ID	uint32
`to`	`4294967295` (Broadcast) Visible to all nodes	uint32
`decoded.portnum`	`67` TELEMETRY_APP	enum
`decoded.payload_length`	`28` bytes	size
`hop_limit`	`4` Remaining hops allowed	uint32
`hop_start`	`5` Initial hop limit	uint32
`hops_taken`	`1` Calculated: hop_start - hop_limit	derived
`rx_rssi`	`-110.0` dBm Signal strength at gateway	int32
`rx_snr`	`-0.75` dB Signal quality at gateway	float
`rx_time`	`1765974922` Receive timestamp	fixed32
`via_mqtt`	False Direct LoRa transmission	bool
`want_ack`	False No ACK requested	bool
`priority`	Not set	enum
`delayed`	Not set	enum
`channel`	Not set	uint32
`pki_encrypted`	False Standard encryption	bool
`next_hop`	Not set	uint32
`relay_node`	`152` Relay node ID	uint32
`tx_after`	Not set	uint32
`timestamp`	`1765974931.232269` Unix timestamp	uint32

MQTT Privacy & Exposure Analysis

Analysis of privacy features and exposure risks when packet is shared via MQTT

Exposure Level: Broadcast

Privacy Features:

✓ Direct LoRa transmission (not via MQTT)
✓ Custom channel: MediumFast
✓ Gateway node ID tracked

Exposure Risks:

⚠ Visible to all nodes on channel
⚠ Packet visible to MQTT subscribers
⚠ Multi-hop path visible (1 hops)
⚠ RF signal metrics exposed (location inference possible)

MQTT-Specific Fields

Gateway ID:	`!a0cb57e0`
Signal Metrics:	RSSI: -110.0 dBm SNR: -0.75 dB

Complete Payload Analysis

Detailed breakdown of all payload fields and decoded data

Payload Metadata:

Protocol:	TELEMETRY_APP
Size:	28 bytes
Decoded:	Yes

Complete Payload Data (JSON):

{ "time": 1765974935, "device_metrics": { "battery_level": 95, "voltage": 4.121, "channel_utilization": 1.8333333, "air_util_tx": 0.83358335, "uptime_seconds": 51735 } }

Complete Protobuf Decode (JSON)

{ "service_envelope": { "gateway_id": "!a0cb57e0", "channel_id": "MediumFast", "packet": "MeshPacket (see mesh_packet below)" }, "mesh_packet": { "from": 2044837828, "to": 4294967295, "id": 2367746701, "rx_time": 1765974922, "rx_snr": -0.75, "rx_rssi": -110, "hop_limit": 4, "hop_start": 5, "via_mqtt": 0, "want_ack": 0, "priority": 0, "delayed": 0, "channel_index": null, "pki_encrypted": 0, "next_hop": 0, "relay_node": 152, "tx_after": 0, "decoded": { "portnum": 67, "payload": "0d97a342691215085f153bdf83401daaaaea3f25b865553f28979403", "want_response": null, "dest": null, "source": null, "request_id": null, "reply_id": null, "emoji": null, "parsed_payload": { "time": 1765974935, "device_metrics": { "battery_level": 95, "voltage": 4.121, "channel_utilization": 1.8333333, "air_util_tx": 0.83358335, "uptime_seconds": 51735 }, "type": "protobuf", "portnum": "TELEMETRY_APP", "message_class": "Telemetry" } } } }

Raw Packet Data (28 bytes)

0d97a342691215085f153bdf83401daaaaea3f25b865553f28979403

Hex Analysis:

Size:	28 bytes
Format:	Protobuf (Protocol Buffers)
Encoding:	Binary with varint and length-delimited fields

This is the raw protobuf-encoded payload as received from MQTT. The structure follows the Meshtastic protobuf schema definitions.

Packet #28264963 Success

Packet Information

Payload Data

Decoded Data:

Device Metrics: