Packet #28955981

Database ID:	28955981
Mesh Packet ID:	`0x52da031b` Used for correlation across gateways
Timestamp:	2025-12-20 17:03:12 UTC
From Node:	CasFiS (CaFi)
To Node:	CasMovil (CaMi)
Success:	Processed
Protocol:	ROUTING_APP Port: 5

Gateway:	CasFiS (CaFi)
Channel:	LongFast
RSSI:	Unknown
SNR:	Unknown
Hop Info:	0/0 hops Start: 0, Limit: 0
Relay Node:	`f8` CaFi Last byte of the last hop that relayed this packet - Candidate source node(s) based on 0-hop direct receptions

Raw Packet Analysis

Complete field breakdown and MQTT privacy/exposure analysis

Packet Structure

MQTT Packet Flow:
ServiceEnvelope (MQTT layer) → MeshPacket (Mesh layer) → Decoded Payload (Application data)

Total Size:	2 bytes
Gateway:	!9eeb23f8
Channel:	LongFast
Payload Type:	ROUTING_APP
Hop Count:	Unknown / Unknown

Privacy Summary

Exposure Level:
Direct Message

Privacy Features:
✓ Direct LoRa transmission (not via MQTT)
✓ Targeted to specific node
+ 2 more...

Exposure Risks:
⚠ Default channel - no encryption
⚠ Packet visible to MQTT subscribers

MQTT ServiceEnvelope Fields

MQTT ServiceEnvelope contains the MeshPacket plus routing metadata

Field	Value
`gateway_id`	`!9eeb23f8` Node ID format
`channel_id`	`LongFast` Default public channel
`packet`	`MeshPacket` (2 bytes) Contains the actual mesh network packet

MeshPacket Fields

Core mesh packet with routing and payload information

Field	Value	Type
`from`	`2666210296` Source node ID	uint32
`to`	`2666113432` Target node ID	uint32
`decoded.portnum`	`5` ROUTING_APP	enum
`decoded.payload_length`	`2` bytes	size
`hop_limit`	Not set	uint32
`hop_start`	Not set	uint32
`hops_taken`	`0` Calculated: hop_start - hop_limit	derived
`rx_rssi`	Not set	int32
`rx_snr`	Not set	float
`rx_time`	`1766250191` Receive timestamp	fixed32
`via_mqtt`	False Direct LoRa transmission	bool
`want_ack`	False No ACK requested	bool
`priority`	`120` Packet priority level	enum
`delayed`	Not set	enum
`channel`	Not set	uint32
`pki_encrypted`	False Standard encryption	bool
`next_hop`	`152` Next hop node ID	uint32
`relay_node`	`248` Relay node ID	uint32
`tx_after`	Not set	uint32
`timestamp`	`1766250192.1683373` Unix timestamp	uint32

MQTT Privacy & Exposure Analysis

Analysis of privacy features and exposure risks when packet is shared via MQTT

Exposure Level: Direct Message

Privacy Features:

✓ Direct LoRa transmission (not via MQTT)
✓ Targeted to specific node
✓ Gateway node ID tracked
✓ Zero-hop: direct from source to MQTT gateway

Exposure Risks:

⚠ Default channel - no encryption
⚠ Packet visible to MQTT subscribers

MQTT-Specific Fields

Gateway ID:	`!9eeb23f8`
Zero Hop Policy:	Enabled Direct gateway connection

Complete Payload Analysis

Detailed breakdown of all payload fields and decoded data

Payload Metadata:

Protocol:	ROUTING_APP
Size:	2 bytes
Decoded:	Yes

Complete Payload Data (JSON):

{ "error_reason": "NONE", "type": "protobuf", "portnum": "ROUTING_APP", "message_class": "Routing" }

Complete Protobuf Decode (JSON)

{ "service_envelope": { "gateway_id": "!9eeb23f8", "channel_id": "LongFast", "packet": "MeshPacket (see mesh_packet below)" }, "mesh_packet": { "from": 2666210296, "to": 2666113432, "id": 1390019355, "rx_time": 1766250191, "rx_snr": 0.0, "rx_rssi": 0, "hop_limit": 0, "hop_start": 0, "via_mqtt": 0, "want_ack": 0, "priority": 120, "delayed": 0, "channel_index": null, "pki_encrypted": 0, "next_hop": 152, "relay_node": 248, "tx_after": 0, "decoded": { "portnum": 5, "payload": "1800", "want_response": null, "dest": null, "source": null, "request_id": null, "reply_id": null, "emoji": null, "parsed_payload": { "error_reason": "NONE", "type": "protobuf", "portnum": "ROUTING_APP", "message_class": "Routing" } } } }

Raw Packet Data (2 bytes)

1800

Hex Analysis:

Size:	2 bytes
Format:	Protobuf (Protocol Buffers)
Encoding:	Binary with varint and length-delimited fields

This is the raw protobuf-encoded payload as received from MQTT. The structure follows the Meshtastic protobuf schema definitions.

Packet #28955981 Success

Packet Information

Payload Data

Decoded Data: