Packet #3897509

Database ID:	3897509
Mesh Packet ID:	`0xcf9b650f` Used for correlation across gateways
Timestamp:	2025-07-16 17:12:29 UTC
From Node:	C191_Movil📱 (C191)
To Node:	!ffffffff (ffff)
Success:	Processed
Protocol:	NODEINFO_APP Port: 4

Gateway:	EA4GFT2-R868 (GFT2)
Channel:	LongFast
RSSI:	-130 dBm
SNR:	-9.5 dBm
Hop Info:	0/4 hops Start: 4, Limit: 4

Long Name:	C191_Movil📱
Short Name:	C191
Node ID:	!a0cbf4b0
MAC Address:	MO2gy/Sw
Hardware:	HELTEC_V3

Raw Packet Analysis

Complete field breakdown and MQTT privacy/exposure analysis

Packet Structure

MQTT Packet Flow:
ServiceEnvelope (MQTT layer) → MeshPacket (Mesh layer) → Decoded Payload (Application data)

Total Size:	77 bytes
Gateway:	!bdf0e290
Channel:	LongFast
Payload Type:	NODEINFO_APP
Hop Count:	Unknown / 4

Privacy Summary

Exposure Level:
Broadcast

Privacy Features:
✓ Direct LoRa transmission (not via MQTT)
✓ Gateway node ID tracked
+ 1 more...

Exposure Risks:
⚠ Visible to all nodes on channel
⚠ Default channel - no encryption
+ 2 more...

MQTT ServiceEnvelope Fields

MQTT ServiceEnvelope contains the MeshPacket plus routing metadata

Field	Value
`gateway_id`	`!bdf0e290` Node ID format
`channel_id`	`LongFast` Default public channel
`packet`	`MeshPacket` (77 bytes) Contains the actual mesh network packet

MeshPacket Fields

Core mesh packet with routing and payload information

Field	Value	Type
`from`	`2697721008` Source node ID	uint32
`to`	`4294967295` (Broadcast) Visible to all nodes	uint32
`decoded.portnum`	`4` NODEINFO_APP	enum
`decoded.payload_length`	`77` bytes	size
`hop_limit`	`4` Remaining hops allowed	uint32
`hop_start`	`4` Initial hop limit	uint32
`hops_taken`	`0` Calculated: hop_start - hop_limit	derived
`rx_rssi`	`-130.0` dBm Signal strength at gateway	int32
`rx_snr`	`-9.50` dB Signal quality at gateway	float
`rx_time`	`1752677934` Receive timestamp	fixed32
`via_mqtt`	False Direct LoRa transmission	bool
`want_ack`	False No ACK requested	bool
`priority`	Not set	enum
`delayed`	Not set	enum
`channel`	Not set	uint32
`pki_encrypted`	False Standard encryption	bool
`next_hop`	Not set	uint32
`relay_node`	`176` Relay node ID	uint32
`tx_after`	Not set	uint32
`timestamp`	`1752685949.5793803` Unix timestamp	uint32

MQTT Privacy & Exposure Analysis

Analysis of privacy features and exposure risks when packet is shared via MQTT

Exposure Level: Broadcast

Privacy Features:

✓ Direct LoRa transmission (not via MQTT)
✓ Gateway node ID tracked
✓ Zero-hop: direct from source to MQTT gateway

Exposure Risks:

⚠ Visible to all nodes on channel
⚠ Default channel - no encryption
⚠ Packet visible to MQTT subscribers
⚠ RF signal metrics exposed (location inference possible)

MQTT-Specific Fields

Gateway ID:	`!bdf0e290`
Zero Hop Policy:	Enabled Direct gateway connection
Signal Metrics:	RSSI: -130.0 dBm SNR: -9.50 dB

Complete Payload Analysis

Detailed breakdown of all payload fields and decoded data

Payload Metadata:

Protocol:	NODEINFO_APP
Size:	77 bytes
Decoded:	Yes

Complete Payload Data (JSON):

{ "id": "!a0cbf4b0", "long_name": "C191_Movil📱", "short_name": "C191", "macaddr": "MO2gy/Sw", "hw_model": "HELTEC_V3" }

Complete Protobuf Decode (JSON)

{ "service_envelope": { "gateway_id": "!bdf0e290", "channel_id": "LongFast", "packet": "MeshPacket (see mesh_packet below)" }, "mesh_packet": { "from": 2697721008, "to": 4294967295, "id": 3483067663, "rx_time": 1752677934, "rx_snr": -9.5, "rx_rssi": -130, "hop_limit": 4, "hop_start": 4, "via_mqtt": 0, "want_ack": 0, "priority": 0, "delayed": 0, "channel_index": null, "pki_encrypted": 0, "next_hop": 0, "relay_node": 176, "tx_after": 0, "decoded": { "portnum": 4, "payload": "0a09216130636266346230120e433139315f4d6f76696cf09f93b11a0443313931220630eda0cbf4b0282b42200018ed68553f96234c527edb64729b331b8ef75d3e995fb6951afc0412572102", "want_response": null, "dest": null, "source": null, "request_id": null, "reply_id": null, "emoji": null, "parsed_payload": { "id": "!a0cbf4b0", "long_name": "C191_Movil📱", "short_name": "C191", "macaddr": "MO2gy/Sw", "hw_model": "HELTEC_V3", "public_key": "ABjtaFU/liNMUn7bZHKbMxuO910+mV+2lRr8BBJXIQI=", "type": "protobuf", "portnum": "NODEINFO_APP", "message_class": "User" } } } }

Raw Packet Data (77 bytes)

0a09216130636266346230120e433139315f4d6f76696cf09f93b11a0443313931220630eda0cbf4b0282b42200018ed68553f96234c527edb64729b331b8ef75d3e995fb6951afc0412572102

Hex Analysis:

Size:	77 bytes
Format:	Protobuf (Protocol Buffers)
Encoding:	Binary with varint and length-delimited fields

This is the raw protobuf-encoded payload as received from MQTT. The structure follows the Meshtastic protobuf schema definitions.

Packet #3897509 Success

Packet Information

Payload Data

Decoded Data: