Packet #13559097 Success

TRACEROUTE_APP packet from CovatelNode5 (CN5) to k4m454k Fixed 📡 (k4mf)

6
Total Receptions
6
Unique Gateways
2
Hop Count
42
Payload Bytes
Packet Information
Database ID: 13559097
Mesh Packet ID: 0x73233547
Used for correlation across gateways
Timestamp: 2025-10-04 13:22:14 UTC
From Node: CovatelNode5 (CN5)
To Node: k4m454k Fixed 📡 (k4mf)
Success: Processed
Protocol: TRACEROUTE_APP
Port: 70
Gateway: Fede MQTT-CLM-868 (049c)
Channel: LongFast
RSSI: -126 dBm
SNR: -8.25 dBm
Hop Info: 2/3 hops
Start: 3, Limit: 1
Payload Data
Protocol: TRACEROUTE_APP
Size: 42 bytes
Decoded: Yes
Decoded Data:
Route Information
Route Path: CovatelNode2 (CN2)
Hop Count: 0 hops
Status: Forward incomplete, Return in progress
SNR Towards: -5.0 dB 4.25 dB
Return Path: CovatelNode2 (CN2) → CARASOLS-GW-868 (CRSL)
SNR Back: -11.5 dB 3.5 dB
Traceroute Steps
Hop From Node To Node Distance SNR (dB) Direction Analysis
1 k4m454k Fixed 📡 (k4mf) CovatelNode2 (CN2) 6.99 km -5.0 dB Origin Hops
2 CovatelNode2 (CN2) CovatelNode5 (CN5) 15.20 km 4.25 dB Relay Hops
Traceroute incomplete - Final destination not reached
Return Path Steps
Hop From Node To Node Distance SNR (dB) Direction Analysis
1 CovatelNode5 (CN5) CovatelNode2 (CN2) 15.20 km -11.5 dB Return Start Hops
2 CovatelNode2 (CN2) CARASOLS-GW-868 (CRSL) 14.93 km 3.5 dB Return End Hops
Total Forward Distance
22.19 km
Total Return Distance
30.13 km
Combined Traceroute Graph
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Building graph...

Legend & Paths
Nodes
🔄 Router Node
📡 Gateway Node
🚀 Source Node
🎯 Target Node
Connections
RF Link
Gateway Connection
Direct Reception (0 hops)
Packet Paths
Loading paths...
Raw Packet Analysis
Complete field breakdown and MQTT privacy/exposure analysis
Packet Structure
MQTT Packet Flow:
ServiceEnvelope (MQTT layer) → MeshPacket (Mesh layer) → Decoded Payload (Application data)
Total Size:42 bytes
Gateway:!f9b9049c
Channel:LongFast
Payload Type:TRACEROUTE_APP
Hop Count:2 / 3
Privacy Summary
Exposure Level:
Direct Message
Privacy Features:
✓ Direct LoRa transmission (not via MQTT)
✓ Targeted to specific node
+ 1 more...
Exposure Risks:
⚠ Default channel - no encryption
⚠ Packet visible to MQTT subscribers
+ 2 more...
MQTT ServiceEnvelope Fields

MQTT ServiceEnvelope contains the MeshPacket plus routing metadata

FieldValue
gateway_id !f9b9049c
Node ID format
channel_id LongFast
Default public channel
packet MeshPacket (42 bytes)
Contains the actual mesh network packet
MeshPacket Fields

Core mesh packet with routing and payload information

FieldValueType
from 3223779304
Source node ID 		uint32
to 3127550232
Target node ID 		uint32
decoded.portnum 70
TRACEROUTE_APP 		enum
decoded.payload_length 42 bytes size
hop_limit 1
Remaining hops allowed 		uint32
hop_start 3
Initial hop limit 		uint32
hops_taken 2
Calculated: hop_start - hop_limit 		derived
rx_rssi -126.0 dBm
Signal strength at gateway 		int32
rx_snr -8.25 dB
Signal quality at gateway 		float
rx_time 1759584134
Receive timestamp 		fixed32
via_mqtt False
Direct LoRa transmission 		bool
want_ack False
No ACK requested 		bool
priority Not set enum
delayed Not set enum
channel Not set uint32
pki_encrypted False
Standard encryption 		bool
next_hop Not set uint32
relay_node 81
Relay node ID 		uint32
tx_after Not set uint32
timestamp 1759584134.6452136
Unix timestamp 		uint32
MQTT Privacy & Exposure Analysis

Analysis of privacy features and exposure risks when packet is shared via MQTT

Exposure Level: Direct Message
Privacy Features:
  • ✓ Direct LoRa transmission (not via MQTT)
  • ✓ Targeted to specific node
  • ✓ Gateway node ID tracked
Exposure Risks:
  • ⚠ Default channel - no encryption
  • ⚠ Packet visible to MQTT subscribers
  • ⚠ Multi-hop path visible (2 hops)
  • ⚠ RF signal metrics exposed (location inference possible)
MQTT-Specific Fields
Gateway ID: !f9b9049c
Signal Metrics: RSSI: -126.0 dBm
SNR: -8.25 dB
Complete Payload Analysis

Detailed breakdown of all payload fields and decoded data

Payload Metadata:
Protocol:TRACEROUTE_APP
Size:42 bytes
Decoded: Yes
Complete Payload Data (JSON):
{ "route_nodes": [ 958152849 ], "snr_towards": [ -5.0, 4.25 ], "route_back": [ 958152849, 4171504465 ], "snr_back": [ -11.5, 3.5 ], "route_node_names": { "4171504465": "CARASOLS-GW-868 (CRSL)", "958152849": "CovatelNode2 (CN2)", "3127550232": "k4m454k Fixed 📡 (k4mf)", "3223779304": "CovatelNode5 (CN5)" }, "traceroute_packet": { "packet_data": { "id": 13559097, "timestamp": 1759584134.6452136, "from_node_id": 3223779304, "to_node_id": 3127550232, "portnum": 70, "portnum_name": "TRACEROUTE_APP", "gateway_id": "!f9b9049c", "channel_id": "LongFast", "mesh_packet_id": 1931687239, "rssi": -126, "snr": -8.25, "hop_limit": 1, "hop_start": 3, "payload_length": 42, "processed_successfully": 1, "raw_payload": "0a0491401c39120becffffffffffffffff01111a0891401c39511ba4f8220bd2ffffffffffffffff010e", "via_mqtt": 0, "want_ack": 0, "priority": 0, "delayed": 0, "channel_index": null, "rx_time": 1759584134, "pki_encrypted": 0, "next_hop": 0, "relay_node": 81, "tx_after": 0, "timestamp_str": "2025-10-04 13:22:14", "hop_count": 2, "has_payload": true, "success": 1, "from_node_name": "CovatelNode5 (CN5)", "to_node_name": "k4m454k Fixed 📡 (k4mf)", "gateway_name": "Fede MQTT-CLM-868 (049c)", "gateway_location": { "node_id": 4189652124, "latitude": 39.5051008, "longitude": -0.5505024, "altitude": 200, "timestamp": 1759971596.0818074, "timestamp_str": "2025-10-09 00:59:56", "display_name": "Fede MQTT-CLM-868", "long_name": "Fede MQTT-CLM-868", "short_name": "049c", "hw_model": "TLORA_V2_1_1P6" } }, "resolve_names": true, "packet_id": 13559097, "from_node_id": 3223779304, "to_node_id": 3127550232, "timestamp": 1759584134.6452136, "gateway_id": "!f9b9049c", "raw_payload": "0a0491401c39120becffffffffffffffff01111a0891401c39511ba4f8220bd2ffffffffffffffff010e", "hop_limit": 1, "hop_start": 3, "from_node_name": "CovatelNode5 (CN5)", "to_node_name": "k4m454k Fixed 📡 (k4mf)", "route_data": { "route_nodes": [ 958152849 ], "snr_towards": [ -5.0, 4.25 ], "route_back": [ 958152849, 4171504465 ], "snr_back": [ -11.5, 3.5 ] }, "forward_path": { "path_type": "forward_with_return", "node_ids": [ 3127550232, 958152849, 3223779304 ], "node_names": [ "k4m454k Fixed 📡 (k4mf)", "CovatelNode2 (CN2)", "CovatelNode5 (CN5)" ], "snr_values": [ -5.0, 4.25 ], "hops": [ { "hop_number": 1, "from_node_id": 3127550232, "to_node_id": 958152849, "from_node_name": "k4m454k Fixed 📡 (k4mf)", "to_node_name": "CovatelNode2 (CN2)", "snr": -5.0, "direction": "forward", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": 6993.774915926622, "from_location_timestamp": 1759583986.7301846, "to_location_timestamp": 1759500403.8443694, "from_location_age_warning": "from 0.0h ago", "to_location_age_warning": "from 23.3h ago" }, { "hop_number": 2, "from_node_id": 958152849, "to_node_id": 3223779304, "from_node_name": "CovatelNode2 (CN2)", "to_node_name": "CovatelNode5 (CN5)", "snr": 4.25, "direction": "forward", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": 15199.414552547567, "from_location_timestamp": 1759500403.8443694, "to_location_timestamp": 1759582492.1085143, "from_location_age_warning": "from 23.3h ago", "to_location_age_warning": "from 0.5h ago" } ], "is_complete": false, "total_hops": 2 }, "return_path": { "path_type": "return", "node_ids": [ 3223779304, 958152849, 4171504465 ], "node_names": [ "CovatelNode5 (CN5)", "CovatelNode2 (CN2)", "CARASOLS-GW-868 (CRSL)" ], "snr_values": [ -11.5, 3.5 ], "hops": [ { "hop_number": 1, "from_node_id": 3223779304, "to_node_id": 958152849, "from_node_name": "CovatelNode5 (CN5)", "to_node_name": "CovatelNode2 (CN2)", "snr": -11.5, "direction": "return", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": 15199.414552547567, "from_location_timestamp": 1759582492.1085143, "to_location_timestamp": 1759500403.8443694, "from_location_age_warning": "from 0.5h ago", "to_location_age_warning": "from 23.3h ago" }, { "hop_number": 2, "from_node_id": 958152849, "to_node_id": 4171504465, "from_node_name": "CovatelNode2 (CN2)", "to_node_name": "CARASOLS-GW-868 (CRSL)", "snr": 3.5, "direction": "return", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": 14931.996529193137, "from_location_timestamp": 1759500403.8443694, "to_location_timestamp": 1759498645.2289896, "from_location_age_warning": "from 23.3h ago", "to_location_age_warning": "from 23.7h ago" } ], "is_complete": false, "total_hops": 2 }, "actual_rf_path": { "path_type": "combined_rf", "node_ids": [ 3127550232, 958152849, 3223779304, 4171504465 ], "node_names": [ "k4m454k Fixed 📡 (k4mf)", "CovatelNode2 (CN2)", "CovatelNode5 (CN5)", "CARASOLS-GW-868 (CRSL)" ], "snr_values": [ -5.0, 4.25, -11.5, 3.5 ], "hops": [ { "hop_number": 1, "from_node_id": 3127550232, "to_node_id": 958152849, "from_node_name": "k4m454k Fixed 📡 (k4mf)", "to_node_name": "CovatelNode2 (CN2)", "snr": -5.0, "direction": "forward_rf", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": 6993.774915926622, "from_location_timestamp": 1759583986.7301846, "to_location_timestamp": 1759500403.8443694, "from_location_age_warning": "from 0.0h ago", "to_location_age_warning": "from 23.3h ago" }, { "hop_number": 2, "from_node_id": 958152849, "to_node_id": 3223779304, "from_node_name": "CovatelNode2 (CN2)", "to_node_name": "CovatelNode5 (CN5)", "snr": 4.25, "direction": "forward_rf", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": 15199.414552547567, "from_location_timestamp": 1759500403.8443694, "to_location_timestamp": 1759582492.1085143, "from_location_age_warning": "from 23.3h ago", "to_location_age_warning": "from 0.5h ago" }, { "hop_number": 3, "from_node_id": 3223779304, "to_node_id": 958152849, "from_node_name": "CovatelNode5 (CN5)", "to_node_name": "CovatelNode2 (CN2)", "snr": -11.5, "direction": "return_rf", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": 15199.414552547567, "from_location_timestamp": 1759582492.1085143, "to_location_timestamp": 1759500403.8443694, "from_location_age_warning": "from 0.5h ago", "to_location_age_warning": "from 23.3h ago" }, { "hop_number": 4, "from_node_id": 958152849, "to_node_id": 4171504465, "from_node_name": "CovatelNode2 (CN2)", "to_node_name": "CARASOLS-GW-868 (CRSL)", "snr": 3.5, "direction": "return_rf", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": 14931.996529193137, "from_location_timestamp": 1759500403.8443694, "to_location_timestamp": 1759498645.2289896, "from_location_age_warning": "from 23.3h ago", "to_location_age_warning": "from 23.7h ago" } ], "is_complete": false, "total_hops": 4 } }, "has_return_path": true, "is_complete": false, "forward_path_display": "k4m454k Fixed 📡 (k4mf) → CovatelNode2 (CN2) → CovatelNode5 (CN5)", "return_path_display": "CovatelNode5 (CN5) → CovatelNode2 (CN2) → CARASOLS-GW-868 (CRSL)", "actual_rf_path_display": "k4m454k Fixed 📡 (k4mf) → CovatelNode2 (CN2) → CovatelNode5 (CN5) → CARASOLS-GW-868 (CRSL)", "forward_hops": [ { "hop_number": 1, "from_node_id": 3127550232, "to_node_id": 958152849, "from_node_name": "k4m454k Fixed 📡 (k4mf)", "to_node_name": "CovatelNode2 (CN2)", "snr": -5.0, "direction": "forward", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": 6993.774915926622, "from_location_timestamp": 1759583986.7301846, "to_location_timestamp": 1759500403.8443694, "from_location_age_warning": "from 0.0h ago", "to_location_age_warning": "from 23.3h ago" }, { "hop_number": 2, "from_node_id": 958152849, "to_node_id": 3223779304, "from_node_name": "CovatelNode2 (CN2)", "to_node_name": "CovatelNode5 (CN5)", "snr": 4.25, "direction": "forward", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": 15199.414552547567, "from_location_timestamp": 1759500403.8443694, "to_location_timestamp": 1759582492.1085143, "from_location_age_warning": "from 23.3h ago", "to_location_age_warning": "from 0.5h ago" } ], "return_hops": [ { "hop_number": 1, "from_node_id": 3223779304, "to_node_id": 958152849, "from_node_name": "CovatelNode5 (CN5)", "to_node_name": "CovatelNode2 (CN2)", "snr": -11.5, "direction": "return", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": 15199.414552547567, "from_location_timestamp": 1759582492.1085143, "to_location_timestamp": 1759500403.8443694, "from_location_age_warning": "from 0.5h ago", "to_location_age_warning": "from 23.3h ago" }, { "hop_number": 2, "from_node_id": 958152849, "to_node_id": 4171504465, "from_node_name": "CovatelNode2 (CN2)", "to_node_name": "CARASOLS-GW-868 (CRSL)", "snr": 3.5, "direction": "return", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": 14931.996529193137, "from_location_timestamp": 1759500403.8443694, "to_location_timestamp": 1759498645.2289896, "from_location_age_warning": "from 23.3h ago", "to_location_age_warning": "from 23.7h ago" } ], "total_forward_distance": 22193.18946847419, "total_return_distance": 30131.411081740705 }
Complete Protobuf Decode (JSON)
{ "service_envelope": { "gateway_id": "!f9b9049c", "channel_id": "LongFast", "packet": "MeshPacket (see mesh_packet below)" }, "mesh_packet": { "from": 3223779304, "to": 3127550232, "id": 1931687239, "rx_time": 1759584134, "rx_snr": -8.25, "rx_rssi": -126, "hop_limit": 1, "hop_start": 3, "via_mqtt": 0, "want_ack": 0, "priority": 0, "delayed": 0, "channel_index": null, "pki_encrypted": 0, "next_hop": 0, "relay_node": 81, "tx_after": 0, "decoded": { "portnum": 70, "payload": "0a0491401c39120becffffffffffffffff01111a0891401c39511ba4f8220bd2ffffffffffffffff010e", "want_response": null, "dest": null, "source": null, "request_id": null, "reply_id": null, "emoji": null, "parsed_payload": { "route": [ 958152849 ], "snr_towards": [ -20, 17 ], "route_back": [ 958152849, 4171504465 ], "snr_back": [ -46, 14 ], "type": "protobuf", "portnum": "TRACEROUTE_APP", "message_class": "RouteDiscovery" } } } }
Raw Packet Data (42 bytes)
0a0491401c39120becffffffffffffffff01111a0891401c39511ba4f8220bd2ffffffffffffffff010e
Hex Analysis:
Size:42 bytes
Format:Protobuf (Protocol Buffers)
Encoding:Binary with varint and length-delimited fields
This is the raw protobuf-encoded payload as received from MQTT. The structure follows the Meshtastic protobuf schema definitions.
All Receptions
All gateways that received this packet
Correlation: Using Mesh Packet ID
Reception Locations

Loading reception map...

Map shows gateway locations that received this packet. Hop counts are displayed if available.
Gateway Time Offset RSSI SNR Hops Channel Timestamp Actions
Fede MQTT-CLM-868 (049c) Primary 0.000s
Reference 		-126.0 dBm -8.25 dB 2 LongFast 2025-10-04 13:22:14 Current
Sensor Ambiental Crespí📡🌐 (SAC) -1.225s
Before 		-37.0 dBm 6.25 dB 2 LongFast 2025-10-04 13:22:13 View
Santastic 3234 (S3) -0.834s
Before 		-53.0 dBm 6.00 dB 3 LongFast 2025-10-04 13:22:13 View
EA5JKT_LoRa_1 (5JKT) -0.578s
Before 		-121.0 dBm -12.00 dB 3 LongFast 2025-10-04 13:22:14 View
Meshtastic aa4c (aa4c) +1.883s
After 		-98.0 dBm 7.00 dB 3 LongFast 2025-10-04 13:22:16 View
Peacho Nodo 1 Pruebas (PRN1) +748.318s
After 		-105.0 dBm 0.25 dB 1 LongFast 2025-10-04 13:34:42 View
6

Total Receptions

6

Unique Gateways