Packet #28012726 Success

STORE_FORWARD_APP packet from Pozuelo (POZ1) to !ffffffff

22
Total Receptions
22
Unique Gateways
0
Hop Count
7
Payload Bytes
Packet Information
Database ID: 28012726
Mesh Packet ID: 0xe468b6e1
Used for correlation across gateways
Timestamp: 2025-12-16 09:43:58 UTC
From Node: Pozuelo (POZ1)
To Node: !ffffffff (ffff)
Success: Processed
Protocol: STORE_FORWARD_APP
Port: 65
Gateway: Pozuelo (POZ1)
Channel: MediumFast
RSSI: Unknown
SNR: Unknown
Hop Info: 0/3 hops
Start: 3, Limit: 3
Relay Node: 14 POZ1
Last byte of the last hop that relayed this packet - Candidate source node(s) based on 0-hop direct receptions
Payload Data
Protocol: STORE_FORWARD_APP
Size: 7 bytes
Decoded: Yes
Decoded Data:
{
  "rr": "ROUTER_HEARTBEAT",
  "heartbeat": {
    "period": 900
  },
  "type": "protobuf",
  "portnum": "STORE_FORWARD_APP",
  "message_class": "StoreAndForward"
}
Raw Packet Analysis
Complete field breakdown and MQTT privacy/exposure analysis
Packet Structure
MQTT Packet Flow:
ServiceEnvelope (MQTT layer) → MeshPacket (Mesh layer) → Decoded Payload (Application data)
Total Size:7 bytes
Gateway:!69843214
Channel:MediumFast
Payload Type:STORE_FORWARD_APP
Hop Count:Unknown / 3
Privacy Summary
Exposure Level:
Broadcast
Privacy Features:
✓ Direct LoRa transmission (not via MQTT)
✓ Custom channel: MediumFast
+ 2 more...
Exposure Risks:
⚠ Visible to all nodes on channel
⚠ Packet visible to MQTT subscribers
MQTT ServiceEnvelope Fields

MQTT ServiceEnvelope contains the MeshPacket plus routing metadata

FieldValue
gateway_id !69843214
Node ID format
channel_id MediumFast
packet MeshPacket (7 bytes)
Contains the actual mesh network packet
MeshPacket Fields

Core mesh packet with routing and payload information

FieldValueType
from 1770271252
Source node ID 		uint32
to 4294967295 (Broadcast)
Visible to all nodes 		uint32
decoded.portnum 65
STORE_FORWARD_APP 		enum
decoded.payload_length 7 bytes size
hop_limit 3
Remaining hops allowed 		uint32
hop_start 3
Initial hop limit 		uint32
hops_taken 0
Calculated: hop_start - hop_limit 		derived
rx_rssi Not set int32
rx_snr Not set float
rx_time 1765878237
Receive timestamp 		fixed32
via_mqtt False
Direct LoRa transmission 		bool
want_ack False
No ACK requested 		bool
priority 10
Packet priority level 		enum
delayed Not set enum
channel Not set uint32
pki_encrypted False
Standard encryption 		bool
next_hop Not set uint32
relay_node 20
Relay node ID 		uint32
tx_after Not set uint32
timestamp 1765878238.629446
Unix timestamp 		uint32
MQTT Privacy & Exposure Analysis

Analysis of privacy features and exposure risks when packet is shared via MQTT

Exposure Level: Broadcast
Privacy Features:
  • ✓ Direct LoRa transmission (not via MQTT)
  • ✓ Custom channel: MediumFast
  • ✓ Gateway node ID tracked
  • ✓ Zero-hop: direct from source to MQTT gateway
Exposure Risks:
  • ⚠ Visible to all nodes on channel
  • ⚠ Packet visible to MQTT subscribers
MQTT-Specific Fields
Gateway ID: !69843214
Zero Hop Policy: Enabled
Direct gateway connection
Complete Payload Analysis

Detailed breakdown of all payload fields and decoded data

Payload Metadata:
Protocol:STORE_FORWARD_APP
Size:7 bytes
Decoded: Yes
Complete Payload Data (JSON):
{ "rr": "ROUTER_HEARTBEAT", "heartbeat": { "period": 900 }, "type": "protobuf", "portnum": "STORE_FORWARD_APP", "message_class": "StoreAndForward" }
Complete Protobuf Decode (JSON)
{ "service_envelope": { "gateway_id": "!69843214", "channel_id": "MediumFast", "packet": "MeshPacket (see mesh_packet below)" }, "mesh_packet": { "from": 1770271252, "to": 4294967295, "id": 3832067809, "rx_time": 1765878237, "rx_snr": 0.0, "rx_rssi": 0, "hop_limit": 3, "hop_start": 3, "via_mqtt": 0, "want_ack": 0, "priority": 10, "delayed": 0, "channel_index": null, "pki_encrypted": 0, "next_hop": 0, "relay_node": 20, "tx_after": 0, "decoded": { "portnum": 65, "payload": "08022203088407", "want_response": null, "dest": null, "source": null, "request_id": null, "reply_id": null, "emoji": null, "parsed_payload": { "rr": "ROUTER_HEARTBEAT", "heartbeat": { "period": 900 }, "type": "protobuf", "portnum": "STORE_FORWARD_APP", "message_class": "StoreAndForward" } } } }
Raw Packet Data (7 bytes)
08022203088407
Hex Analysis:
Size:7 bytes
Format:Protobuf (Protocol Buffers)
Encoding:Binary with varint and length-delimited fields
This is the raw protobuf-encoded payload as received from MQTT. The structure follows the Meshtastic protobuf schema definitions.
All Receptions
All gateways that received this packet
Correlation: Using Mesh Packet ID
Reception Locations

Loading reception map...

Map shows gateway locations that received this packet. Hop counts are displayed if available.
Gateway Time Offset RSSI SNR Hops Relay Channel Timestamp Actions
Pozuelo (POZ1) Primary 0.000s
Reference 		Unknown Unknown 0 14 POZ1 MediumFast 2025-12-16 09:43:58 UTC Current
Meshtastic 26b0 (26b0) +0.191s
After 		-103.0 dBm -8.75 dB 0 14 POZ1 , Bssr MediumFast 2025-12-16 09:43:58 UTC View
EA4GGL (4GGL) +0.457s
After 		-127.0 dBm -12.75 dB 0 14 POZ1 MediumFast 2025-12-16 09:43:59 UTC View
XiaoWatt c4c8 🌐🔌 (c4c8) +0.466s
After 		-79.0 dBm 3.50 dB 1 b0 Vbm , 26b0 MediumFast 2025-12-16 09:43:59 UTC View
Meshtastic 1760 (1760) +0.733s
After 		-134.0 dBm -13.00 dB 1 b0 26b0 MediumFast 2025-12-16 09:43:59 UTC View
Villalbilla02 (VBV2) +0.768s
After 		-121.0 dBm -11.75 dB 1 b0 26b0 MediumFast 2025-12-16 09:43:59 UTC View
GRN1-Base🗼🌐 🔋 (GRN1) +0.791s
After 		-98.0 dBm 1.75 dB 1 b0 Vbm , 26b0 MediumFast 2025-12-16 09:43:59 UTC View
Meshtastic 18a4 (18a4) +0.938s
After 		Unknown Unknown 2 60 1760 MediumFast 2025-12-16 09:43:59 UTC View
JAGO1_Cañaveral (JAGO) +1.319s
After 		-121.0 dBm -11.50 dB 2 b0 Vbm , PUPM , 26b0 MediumFast 2025-12-16 09:43:59 UTC View
Aldinra_1640_🗼_🌐 (AldB) +1.351s
After 		-109.0 dBm -0.75 dB 3 a4 18a4 MediumFast 2025-12-16 09:43:59 UTC View
Wake Up, Neo...📡 (NEO) +1.357s
After 		-107.0 dBm -12.25 dB 2 08 MediumFast 2025-12-16 09:43:59 UTC View
[samsepi0l] 📡🌐 (tlg0) +1.372s
After 		-74.0 dBm 10.00 dB 2 fc 74fc , Anu2 MediumFast 2025-12-16 09:44:00 UTC View
Rodashtastic🗼🌐 (RDSt) +1.619s
After 		-116.0 dBm -9.00 dB 2 e8 GRN1 MediumFast 2025-12-16 09:44:00 UTC View
P3 iGate 🏠🌐 (P3N2) +1.774s
After 		-36.0 dBm 10.75 dB 2 25 P3N1 MediumFast 2025-12-16 09:44:00 UTC View
PXT_Home (PXT1) +2.015s
After 		-111.0 dBm -9.25 dB 3 a4 HelB MediumFast 2025-12-16 09:44:00 UTC View
ETH Maverick (ET01) +2.185s
After 		-90.0 dBm 7.75 dB 3 72 Knb1 MediumFast 2025-12-16 09:44:00 UTC View
ETH Goose (ET03) +2.342s
After 		-114.0 dBm -11.75 dB 3 72 Knb1 MediumFast 2025-12-16 09:44:00 UTC View
Villarejo01 (VIL1) +3.572s
After 		-35.0 dBm 10.50 dB 2 c6 d5c6 MediumFast 2025-12-16 09:44:02 UTC View
Quixote_JS8_5🗼🌐 (QXT5) +4.413s
After 		-116.0 dBm -10.00 dB 3 - MediumFast 2025-12-16 09:44:03 UTC View
Quixote_JS8_7 (QXT7) +4.415s
After 		-19.0 dBm 10.75 dB 3 - MediumFast 2025-12-16 09:44:03 UTC View
Eagle’s Nest (EAGL) +5.144s
After 		-94.0 dBm 11.25 dB 2 03 SMR5 MediumFast 2025-12-16 09:44:03 UTC View
Ortem 🚀 ☀ (2b88) +6.864s
After 		-96.0 dBm -2.75 dB 3 90 NEO , Bsnr MediumFast 2025-12-16 09:44:05 UTC View
22

Total Receptions

22

Unique Gateways